Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
Volume 1857, Issue 11, Pages 1751-1758Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.08.005
Keywords
Red algae; Phycobilisome; Nitrogen starvation; Photosynthesis; Atomic force microscopy
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31290230, 31290231, 91228210, 41376153, 31570066]
- Hi-Tech Research and Development program of China [2012AA092105, 2014AA093509]
- Program of Shandong for Taishan Scholars [2009TS079]
- BBSRC [BB/M024202/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/M024202/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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The availability of nitrogen is one of the most important determinants that can limit the growth of photosynthetic organisms including plants and algae; however, direct observations on the supramolecular architecture of photosynthetic membranes in response to nitrogen stress are still lacking. Red algae are an important evolutionary group of algae which contain phycobilisomes (PBSs) on their thylakoid membranes, as do cyanobacteria. PBSs function not only as light-harvesting antennae but also as nitrogen storage. In this report, alterations of the supra molecular architecture of thylakoid membranes from red alga Porphyridium cruentum during nitrogen starvation were characterized. The morphology of the intact thylakoid membrane was observed to be round vesicles. Thylakoid membranes were reduced in content and PBSs were degraded during nitrogen starvation. The size and density of PBSs were both found to be reduced. PBS size decreased by less than one-half after 20 days of nitrogen starvation, but their hemispherical morphology was retained. The density of PBSs on thylakoid membranes was more seriously affected as time proceeded. Upon re-addition of nitrogen led to increasing of PBSs on thylakoid membranes. This work reports the first direct observation on alterations in the supramolecular architecture of thylakoid membranes from a photosynthetic organism in response to nitrogen stress. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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