Journal
BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW
Volume 81, Issue 5, Pages 465-480Publisher
MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1134/S0006297916050047
Keywords
superoxide dismutase; reactive oxygen species; plants; stress tolerance; expression and regulation
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Funding
- China Major Projects for Transgenic Breeding [2011ZX08005-004, 2011ZX08005-002]
- China Key Development Project for Basic Research (973) [2010CB12606]
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Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses. Our review focuses on the characteristics of expression of SOD genes, the mechanisms regulating expression of SOD genes at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and translation levels, and their functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses. We propose two important research directions: studying SOD at the genome-wide or proteome-wide level, and improving plant stress tolerances by selecting varieties using transgenic technology.
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