Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02025
Keywords
IL-1 family cytokines; systemic sclerosis; scleroderma; fibrosis; pathogenesis
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81471536]
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The IL-1 family consists of 11 cytokines, 7 ligands with agonist activity (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-18, IL-33, IL-36 alpha, IL-36 beta, IL-36 gamma) and four members with antagonistic activities [IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-36Ra, IL-37, IL-38]. Recent articles have described that most members of IL-1 family cytokines are involved in the process of innate and adaptive immunity as well as fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc). IL-1 family gene polymorphisms, abnormal expression of IL-1 and its potential role in the fibrosis process have been explored in SSc. IL-33 and IL-18 have also been discussed in the recent years. IL-33 may contribute to the fibrosis of SSc, while IL-18 remains to be researched to confirm its role in fibrosis process. There is a lack of study on the pathophysiological roles of IL-36, IL-37, and IL-38 in SSc, which might provide us new study area. Here, we aim to give a brief overview of IL-1 family cytokines and discuss their pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of SSc.
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