Phenyl-C61-Butyric Acid Methyl Ester Hybrid Solution for Efficient CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

Organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have excellent chemical, electronic, and optical properties, making them attractive next-generation thin-film solar cells. Typical PSCs were fabricated with a perovskite absorber layer between the TiO2 electron-transport layer (ETL) and the 2,2 ',7,7 '-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9 '-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) hole-transport layer (HTL). We examined the influence of phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) on the PSC device. PSCs using the PCBM layer as an ETL were investigated, and the absorber layer was coated by dissolving PCBM in a methyl ammonium lead iodide (MAPbI(3)) precursor solution to examine the changes at the perovskite interface and inside the perovskite absorber layer. The PSCs fabricated by adding a small amount of PCBM to the MAPbI(3) solution exhibited a significantly higher maximum efficiency of 16.55% than conventional PSCs (14.34%). Fabricating the PCBM ETL and PCBM-MAPbI(3) hybrid solid is expected to be an efficient route for improving the photovoltaic performance.