Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 9, Issue 38, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201901856
Keywords
indoor power source; morphology; nonfullerene acceptors; organic photovoltaics; ternary blends
Categories
Funding
- Basic Science Research Program
- Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes of the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning [NRF-2016R1C1B2014644, NRF-2018R1D1A1B05050938, NRF-2016M1A2A2940912]
- Energy Technology Development Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) - Korean government [20163010012570]
- Kwangwoon University
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Ternary blend approaches are demonstrated as a universal means to improve overall performance of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) in both indoor and outdoor conditions. A comparative study on two donors:one acceptor (2D:1A) and one donor:two acceptors (1D:2A) ternary blends shows that both approaches are universally effective for indoor and outdoor operation; the 1D:2A devices incorporating a nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) benefit from less charge recombination and higher power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) for various irradiation conditions, while the performance of the 2D:1A blends depends on the emission spectrum of the incident light source. The synergistic merits of NFAs and ternary structure in the 1D:2A ternary OPVs secure better performance and generality regardless of the incident lighting. A combination of experimental and theoretical analyses unveils that NFAs optimize packing and arrangement of molecules to build efficient cascade ternary junctions in the 1D:2A blends, which can be important design guidelines for the third component in ternary OPVs. The optimized 1D:2A ternary OPV exhibits a new record PCE of 25.6% under a 200 lux light-emitting diode (LED) and 26.4% under a 1000 lux LED, and superior durability under industrial relevant thermal stress, suggesting new opportunities in diverse practical applications challenging the currently dominant PV technologies.
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