Journal
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 80, Issue 4, Pages 685-694Publisher
IWA PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.312
Keywords
degradation; electro-Fenton; metformin; pharmaceutical wastewater; response surface methodology
Funding
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences
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Presence of emerging contaminants such as pharmaceutical products in aquatic environments has received high concern due to their undesirable effect on wildlife and human health. Current work deals with developing a treatment model based on the electro- Fenton (EF) process for efficient removal of metformin (MET) from an aqueous medium. The obtained experimental results revealed that over the reaction time of 10 min and solution pH of 3, the maximum removal efficiency of 98.57% is achieved where the value of MET initial concentration, current density, and H2O2 dosage is set at 10 mg.L-1, 6 mA.cm(-2), and 250 mu L.L-1, respectively, which is in satisfactory agreement with the predicted removal efficiency of 98.6% with the desirability of 0.99. The presence of radical scavengers throughout the mineralization of MET under the EF process revealed that the generation of (OH)-O-center dot radicals, as the main oxidative species, controlled the degradation mechanism. The obtained kinetics data best fitted to the first order kinetic model with the rate constant of 0.4224 min(-1) (R-2 = 0.9940). The developed treatment process under response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for modeling the obtained experimental data and successfully applied for efficient removal of the MET contaminant from pharmaceutical wastewater as an adequate and cost-effective approach.
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