Journal
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
Volume 42, Issue 8, Pages 518-527Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.05.011
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Funding
- French National Agency for Research [ANR-15-CE16-0019-01]
- Jerome-Lejeune Foundation [1535, 1415]
- European Research Council [683154]
- European Union [722053]
- French Research Ministry (BioSPC doctoral school, Paris Descartes University)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-15-CE16-0019] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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Neurodevelopmental disorders, including those involving intellectual disability, are characterized by abnormalities in formation and functions of synaptic circuits. Traditionally, research on synaptogenesis and synaptic transmission in health and disease focused on neurons, however, a growing number of studies have highlighted the role of astrocytes in this context. Tight structural and functional interactions of astrocytes and synapses indeed play important roles in brain functions, and the repertoire of astroglial regulations of synaptic circuits is large and complex. Recently, genetic studies of intellectual disabilities have underscored potential contributions of astrocytes in the pathophysiology of these disorders. Here we review how alterations of astrocyte functions in disease may interfere with neuronal excitability and the balance of excitatory and inhibitory transmission during development, and contribute to intellectual disabilities.
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