Journal
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Volume 30, Issue 2, Pages 277-288Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2016.02.012
Keywords
aquaporin; vasopressin; water balance; nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; NDI; concentrating mechanism; thiazide; water retention
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Aquaporins (AQPs) are a 13 member family (AQPO-12) of proteins that act as channels, through which water and, for some family members, glycerol, urea and other small solutes can be transported. Aquaporins are highly abundant in kidney epithelial cells where they play a critical role with respect to water balance. In this review we summarize the current knowledge with respect to the localization and function of AQPs within the kidney tubule, and their role in mammalian water homeostasis and the water balance disorders. Overviews of practical aspects with regard to differential diagnosis for some of these disorders, alongside treatment strategies are also discussed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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