Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 365, Issue 6454, Pages 692-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aax5293
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Funding
- AGRTP scholarship
- Ringwood scholarship
- IAGC Elsevier Ph.D. student research grant
- ARC [DP140101976]
- CERC
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Isotope compositions of basalts provide information about the chemical reservoirs in Earth's interior and play a critical role in defining models of Earth's structure. However, the helium isotope signature of the mantle below depths of a few hundred kilometers has been difficult to measure directly. This information is a vital baseline for understanding helium isotopes in erupted basalts. We measured He-Sr-Pb isotope ratios in superdeep diamond fluid inclusions from the transition zone (depth of 410 to 660 kilometers) unaffected by degassing and shallow crustal contamination. We found extreme He-C-Pb-Sr isotope variability, with high He-3/He-4 ratios related to higher helium concentrations. This indicates that a less degassed, high-He-3/He-4 deep mantle source infiltrates the transition zone, where it interacts with recycled material, creating the diverse compositions recorded in ocean island basalts.
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