ABCC2 participates in the resistance of Plutella xylostella to chemical insecticides

The ABCC2 protein of Plutella xylostella is an important target of CrylA toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), but whether this protein is involved in the resistance of P. xylostella to other insecticides remains unclear. In this study, the abcc2 gene of P. xylostella was cloned and the expression levels of Pxabcc2 in susceptible and resistant strains were investigated. ABCC2 was found to be expressed 3.2-6.7-fold higher in the resistant strain than in the susceptible strain; in the surviving P. xylostella, ABCC2 levels were significantly higher when treated with indoxacarb, avermectin, and beta-cypermethrin. We constructed a stable ABCC2-expressing HEK-293 cell line to reveal the contribution of ABCC2 to insecticide resistance. The avermectin and chlorfenapyr sensitivities of the stably-transfected cell line were significantly lower than those of the control cells. The intracellular avermectin concentration was significantly lower in the stably-transfected cell line than in the control cells after four hours of exposure. This study shows that up-regulated ABCC2 expression is related to insecticide resistance in P. xylostella. Moreover, we used RNA interference technology to reduce ABCC2 levels in P. xylostella. Down-regulating ABCC2 expression did not significantly affect avermectin or chlorfenapyr resistance in P. xylostella. We speculate that increased ABCC2 expression can enhance metabolic resistance in P. xylostella. This study also provides new insights into cross-resistance between B. thuringiensis toxins and chemical insecticides.