Journal
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
Volume 86, Issue -, Pages 54-63Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.09.015
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; Mild cognitive impairment; Ketogenic diet; CSF biomarkers; MRI; PET
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Funding
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center [P30-AG049638]
- Hartman Family Foundation
- Roena B. Kulynych Center for Memory and Cognition Research
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG)
- MRC [UKDRI-1003] Funding Source: UKRI
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There is currently no established therapy to treat or prevent Alzheimer's disease. The ketogenic diet supplies an alternative cerebral metabolic fuel, with potential neuroprotective effects. Our goal was to compare the effects of a modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet (MMKD) and an American Heart Association Diet (AHAD) on cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer's biomarkers, neuroimaging measures, peripheral metabolism, and cognition in older adults at risk for Alzheimer's. Twenty participants with subjective memory complaints (n = 11) or mild cognitive impairment (n = 9) completed both diets, with 3 participants discontinuing early. Mean compliance rates were 90% for MMKD and 95% for AHAD. All participants had improved metabolic indices following MMKD. MMKD was associated with increased cerebrospinal fluid A beta 42 and decreased tau. There was increased cerebral perfusion and increased cerebral ketone body uptake (C-11-acetoacetate PET, in subsample) following MMKD. Memory performance improved after both diets, which may be due to practice effects. Our results suggest that a ketogenic intervention targeted toward adults at risk for Alzheimer's may prove beneficial in the prevention of cognitive decline. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc.
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