Journal
NATURE PHYSICS
Volume 15, Issue 11, Pages 1168-1173Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-019-0649-7
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) via Research Unit FOR 2414 [277974659]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) via DIP [282603579]
- European Commission (UQUAM) [5319278]
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM) [EXC4]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [EXC-2111-390814868]
- FRS-FNRS (Belgium)
- ERC Starting Grant TopoCold
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation under the EPIQS programme
- Technical University of Munich-Institute for Advanced Study - German Excellence Initiative
- European Union FP7 [291763]
- DFG [KN 1254/1-1, TRR80]
- AFOSR-MURI Quantum Phases of Matter [FA9550-14-1-0035]
- AFOSR-MURI: Photonic Quantum Matter [FA95501610323]
- DARPA DRINQS programme [D18AC00014]
- Harvard-MIT CUA
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Quantum simulation has the potential to investigate gauge theories in strongly interacting regimes, which are currently inaccessible through conventional numerical techniques. Here, we take a first step in this direction by implementing a Floquet-based method for studying Z(2) I lattice gauge theories using two-component ultracold atoms in a double-well potential. For resonant periodic driving at the on-site interaction strength and an appropriate choice of the modulation parameters, the effective Floquet Hamiltonian exhibits Z(2) I symmetry. We study the dynamics of the system for different initial states and critically contrast the observed evolution with a theoretical analysis of the full time-dependent Hamiltonian of the periodically driven lattice model. We reveal challenges that arise due to symmetry-breaking terms and outline potential pathways to overcome these limitations. Our results provide important insights for future studies of lattice gauge theories based on Floquet techniques.
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