Journal
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 490, Issue 1, Pages 319-330Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz2598
Keywords
galaxies: elliptical and lenticular; galaxies: individual: NGC 0383; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: nuclei
Categories
Funding
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
- Science and Technology Facilities Council Ernest Rutherford Fellowship
- UK Research Council [ST/H002456/1, ST/K00106X/1]
- Royal Society University Research Fellowship
- NASA
- NSF
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- STFC [1798191, ST/S00033X/1, ST/L004496/2, ST/L004496/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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As part of the mm-Wave Interferometric Survey of Dark Object Masses (WISDOM), we present a measurement of the mass of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in the nearby early-type galaxy NGC0383 (radio source 3C 031). This measurement is based on Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) cycle 4 and 5 observations of the (CO)-C-12(2-1) emission line with a spatial resolution of 58 x 32 pc(2) (0.18 arcsec x 0.1 arcsec). This resolution, combined with a channel width of 10 km s(-1), allows us to well resolve the radius of the black hole sphere of influence (measured as R-SOI = 316 pc = 0.98 arcsec), where we detect a clear Keplerian increase of the rotation velocities. NGC0383 has a kinematically relaxed, smooth nuclear molecular gas disc with weak ring/spiral features. We forward model the ALMA data cube with the KINEMATIC MOLECULAR SIMULATION (KinMS) tool and a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to measure an SMBH mass of (4.2 +/- 0.7) x 10(9)M(circle dot), a F160W-band stellar mass-to-light ratio that varies from 2.8 +/- 0.6M(circle dot)/L-circle dot,L- (F160W) in the centre to 2.4 +/- 0.3M(circle dot)/L-circle dot,L- F160W at the outer edge of the disc and a molecular gas velocity dispersion of 8.3 +/- 2.1 kms(-1)(all 3 sigma uncertainties). We also detect unresolved continuum emission across the full bandwidth, consistent with synchrotron emission from an active galactic nucleus. This work demonstrates that low-J CO emission can resolve gas very close to the SMBH (approximate to 140 000 Schwarzschild radii) and hence that the molecular gas method is highly complimentary to megamaser observations, as it can probe the same emitting material.
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