Journal
MARINE DRUGS
Volume 17, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/md17090533
Keywords
IMTA; lipidome; lipidomics; mass spectrometry; rhodophyta; seaweeds
Categories
Funding
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal)
- European Union
- QREN
- POPH
- FEDER
- COMPETE - Portuguese funds through the FCT/MEC [FCT UID/QUI/00062/2019, LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-402-022125, UID/AMB/50017/2019]
- FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement
- FEDER under the project Omics 4 Algae: Lipidomic tools for chemical phenotyping, traceability and valorisation of seaweeds from aquaculture as a sustainable source of high added-value compounds - Centro2020, through FEDER [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030962]
- Centro2020, through PT2020 [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030962]
- FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia) [SFRH/BD/119027/2016]
- Programa Operacional do Capital Humano (POCH)
- European Union through European Social Fund (FSE)
- Integrated Programme of SmartBioR Smart Valorization of Endogenous Marine Biological Resources Under a Changing Climate [Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018]
- Centro 2020 program, Portugal 2020, European Union, through the European Regional Development Fund
- Centro2020, through FEDER [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030962]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/119027/2016] Funding Source: FCT
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Palmaria palmata is an edible red macroalga widely used for human consumption and valued for its high protein value. Despite its low total lipid content, it is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This seaweed has been scarcely explored with regard to its lipid composition. The polar lipids of seaweeds are nowadays recognized as important phytochemicals contributing to their add value valorization and providing support for claims of potential health benefits. The present study aimed to disclose the polar lipid profile of P. palmata, farmed in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) through modern lipidomic approaches using high-resolution LC-MS and MS/MS and to screen for the antioxidant properties of this red macroalga. A total of 143 molecular species of lipids were identified, belonging to several classes of polar lipids, such as glycolipids, phospholipids, and betaine lipids. It is noteworthy that the most abundant lipid species in each class were esterified with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), accounting for more than 50% of the lipid content. The polar lipid extract rich in EPA showed antioxidant activity with an inhibition concentration (IC) of IC30 = 171 +/- 19.8 mu g/mL for alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPHBLACK CIRCLE) and IC50 = 26.2 +/- 0.1 mu g/mL for 2,20-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical cation (ABTS(BLACK CIRCLE+)). Overall, this study highlights that P. palmata farmed in an IMTA framework can be a sustainable source of beneficial lipids with antioxidant activity. Moreover, this red macroalga can be exploited for future applications as a source of lipids rich in EPA for food and feed, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics.
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