Journal
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
Volume 176, Issue -, Pages 64-74Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.02.015
Keywords
Volatile organic compounds; Source apportionment; Photochemical ozone formation; Control policy
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41305135, 41222033, 41375036]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research Program [XDB05020206]
- Jiangsu Province Graduate Cultivation Innovative Project [KYLX_0838]
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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were continuously observated in a northern suburb of Nanjing, a typical industrial area in the Yangtze River Delta, in a summer observation period from 15th May to 31st August 2013. The average concentration of total VOCs was (34.40 +/- 25.20) ppbv, including alkanes (14.98 +/- 12,72) ppbv, alkenes (7.35 +/- 5.93) ppbv, aromatics (9.06 +/- 6.64) ppbv and alkynes (3.02 +/- 2.01) ppbv, respectively. Source apportionment via Positive Matrix Factorization was conducted, and six major sources of VOCs were identified. The industry-related sources, including industrial emissions and industrial solvent usage, occupied the highest proportion, accounting for about 51.26% of the VOCs. Vehicular emissions occupied the second highest proportion, accounting for about 34.08%. The rest accounted for about 14.66%, including vegetation emission and liquefied petroleum gas/natural gas usage. Contributions of VOCs to photochemical O-3 formation were evaluated by the application of a detailed chemical mechanism model (NCAR MM). Alkenes were the dominant contributors to the O-3 photochemical production, followed by aromatics and alkanes. Alkynes had a very small impact on photochemical O-3 formation. Based on the outcomes of the source apportionment, a sensitivity analysis of relative O-3 reduction efficiency (RORE), under different source removal regimes such as using the reduction of VOCs from 10% to 100% as input, was conducted. The RORE was the highest (similar to 20%-40%) when the VOCs from solvent-related sources decreased by 40%. The highest RORE values for vegetation emissions, industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and LPG/NG usage were presented in the scenarios of 50%, 80%, 40% and 40%, respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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