Simultaneously improving strength and ductility of AZ91-type alloys with minor Gd addition

The microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast AZ91 + xGd (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 wt%) alloys were investigated in this work. The results showed that the alpha-Mg grains and Mg17Al12 particles were significantly refined with minor Gd addition. This was because that the addition of Gd resulted the formation of Al8Mn4Gd phase, which can act as the heterogeneous nucleation site for the alpha-Mg grains and Mg17Al12 particles. Besides, the Al(8)Ma(4)Gd phase were spherical and dispersed in the matrix. With the increase of Gd content, the tensile strength and ductility were improved simultaneously, which was attributed to the grain refinement strengthening and second-phase strengthening. During tensile test, the cracks initiated from the Mg17Al12 and Al8Mn5/Al8Mn4 Gd particles, from which the cracks propagated into the Mg matrix. The fracture mode changed from the cleavage fracture in as-cast AZ91 alloy to the ductile fracture in Gd-containing AZ91 alloys. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.