Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 67, Issue 38, Pages 10685-10693Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03946
Keywords
Camellia sinensis; endophytic bacteria; Luteibacter sp; theanine; gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase; glutamine synthetase; theanine synthetase
Funding
- Ministry of Agriculture of China through the Earmarked Fund for China Agricultural Research System [CARS 19]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31170283]
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Theanine is the most abundant non-protein amino acid in Camellia sinensis, but it is not known how a tea plant accumulates such high levels of theanine. The endophyte isolated from in vitro grown plantlets of C. sinensis cultivars was identified as Luteibacter spp., showing strong biocatalytic activity for converting both glutamine and ethylamine to theanine. Theanine was secreted outside of the bacteria. The endophyte isolated from in vitro plantlets of Camellia oleifera cultivar was identified as Bacillus safensis and did not convert glutamine and ethylamine to theanine. Enzymatic assays in vitro indicated that gamma-glutamyltranspeptidases rCsEGGTs from the endophyte Luteibacter strains converted glutamine and ethylamine to theanine at higher rates than rCsGGTs from C. sinensis. This is the first report on theanine biosynthesis by an endophyte from C. sinensis, which provides a new pathway to explore the mechanism of theanine biosynthesis in C. sinensis and the interactions between an endophyte and tea plants.
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