Nanoparticle-based model of anti-inflammatory drug releasing LbL coatings for uncemented prosthesis aseptic loosening prevention

Introduction: The only treatment for aseptic loosening is the replacement of the prosthesis through revision surgery. A preventive approach, achieved through anti-inflammatory drugs released from the device, has shown to be a viable strategy; however, the performance of these devices is not yet satisfactory thus further improvements are necessary. Methods: We used titanium nanoparticles as a model for implant surfaces and developed a coating containing dexamethasone (DEX) using layer-by-layer deposition. Results: The amount of deposited drug depended on the number of layers and the release was sustained for months. The efficiency of the released DEX in reducing inflammation markers (tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-6) produced by human monocytes and macrophages was similar to the pure drug at the same concentration without negative impacts on the viability and morphology of these cells. Conclusion: These coatings were not inferior to medical grade titanium (the standard material used in uncemented devices) regarding their ability to sustain osteoblasts and fibroblasts growth.