Journal
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Volume 248, Issue -, Pages 97-109Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.03.007
Keywords
Endothelium; Endothelial dysfunction; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular disease; Vessel remodeling; Clinical therapies; Review
Funding
- NIAAA NIH HHS [R21 AA023213] Funding Source: Medline
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The vascular endothelium is an interface between the blood stream and the vessel wall. Changes in this single cell layer of the artery wall are believed of primary importance in the pathogenesis of vascular disease/atherosclerosis. The endothelium responds to humoral, neural and especially hemodynamic stimuli and regulates platelet function, inflammatory responses, vascular smooth muscle cell growth and migration, in addition to modulating vascular tone by synthesizing and releasing vasoactive substances. Compromised endothelial function contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease; endothelial 'dysfunction' is associated with risk factors, correlates with disease progression, and predicts cardiovascular events. Therapies for atherosclerosis have been developed, therefore, that are directed towards improving endothelial function. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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