Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 20, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194692
Keywords
carbohydrates; fat; fibroblast growth factor 21; gene expression; liver; metabolic homeostasis; nutritional challenges; protein; signal transduction
Funding
- Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (Spanish government) [AGL2017-82417-R]
- Generalitat de Catalunya [2017SGR683]
- Beca d'investigacio 2018 del Col.legi Oficial de Famaceutics de Barcelona (COFB)
- Conacyt's fellowship from the Government of Mexico
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The Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) is considered an attractive therapeutic target for obesity and obesity-related disorders due to its beneficial effects in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. FGF21 response is essential under stressful conditions and its metabolic effects depend on the inducer factor or stress condition. FGF21 seems to be the key signal which communicates and coordinates the metabolic response to reverse different nutritional stresses and restores the metabolic homeostasis. This review is focused on describing individually the FGF21-dependent metabolic response activated by some of the most common nutritional challenges, the signal pathways triggering this response, and the impact of this response on global homeostasis. We consider that this is essential knowledge to identify the potential role of FGF21 in the onset and progression of some of the most prevalent metabolic pathologies and to understand the potential of FGF21 as a target for these diseases. After this review, we conclude that more research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the role of FGF21 in macronutrient preference and food intake behavior, but also in beta-klotho regulation and the activity of the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) to uncover its therapeutic potential as a way to increase the FGF21 signaling.
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