Journal
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
Volume 74, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.034
Keywords
Rheumatoid arthritis; Dulaglutide; Fibroblast-like synoviocytes; Inflammation; C-Jun N-terminal kinase; Nuclear factor-kappa B
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Rheumatoid arthritis is a common autoimmune disease primarily characterized by chronic inflammation, the formation of an invasive pannus, and destruction of the joints. In the present study, we employed real-time PCR and western blot analysis to investigate the role of dulaglutide in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). The results of our study show that dulaglutide exerted a powerful protective effect by rescuing mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibiting the production of NOX-4, and abrogating TNF-alpha-induced downregulation of the antioxidant GSH. Our findings demonstrate that dulaglutide significantly ameliorated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines including IL-1 beta, IL-6, MCP-1, and HMGB-1. Matrix metalloproteinases mediate cartilage destruction, thereby aiding in pannus formation. Our findings indicate that dulaglutide treatment significantly downregulated the expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13, two crucial degradative enzymes. Importantly, the results of our study demonstrate that the beneficial effects of dulaglutide are mediated through the JNK/NF-kappa B signaling pathway, which has been suggested as a potential treatment target against RA. Taken together, the results of this study show that dulaglutide may exert significant protective effects against the progression of RA induced by TNF-alpha.
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