Journal
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Volume 26, Issue 1, Pages 11-20Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz217
Keywords
enteroendocrine cells; gut microbiota; inflammatory bowel disease; immune system; gut dysfunction
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC 81670486]
- Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University [2017JC036]
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Host sensing in the gut microbiota has been crucial in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis. Although inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), multifactorial chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, have been associated with intestinal dysbiosis, the detailed interactions between host and gut microbiota are still not completely understood. Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) represent 1% of the intestinal epithelium. Accumulating evidence indicates that EECs are key sensors of gut microbiota and/or microbial metabolites. They can secrete cytokines and peptide hormones in response to microbiota, either in traditional endocrine regulation or by paracrine impact on proximal tissues and/or cells or via afferent nerve fibers. Enteroendocrine cells also play crucial roles in mucosal immunity, gut barrier function, visceral hyperalgesia, and gastrointestinal (GI) motility, thereby regulating several GI diseases, including IBD. In this review, we will focus on EECs in sensing microbiota, correlating enteroendocrine perturbations with IBD, and the underlying mechanisms.
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