Peak Load Reduction in a Smart Building Integrating Microgrid and V2B-Based Demand Response Scheme

In this paper, we study the peak load reduction in a smart building integrating microgrid and present a comprehensive finite-horizon optimization problem formulated as a dual tracking control problem subject to the quadratic cost function. The smart building integrates a microgrid consisting of photovoltaic modules, battery bank, and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). The objective of the microgrid is to satisfy the PEVs load as well as to reduce the peak load of the building. The control strategy aims to take advantages of the microgrid to pay the minimum billing demand to the main grid according to the subscribed power rating. These objectives can be reached through exploiting power generated onsite, local energy storage system, and the operational flexibilities of the PEVs via the vehicle-to-building alternative. In this paper, we focus on the fundamental issue of exploring smart charge and discharge scheduling of PEVs to reduce the peak load of the building. The proposed model has been extensively simulated and tested through case studies using measured solar and load data under the Quebec electricity pricing.