Muscle derangement and alteration of the nutritional machinery in NSCLC

Weight loss and depletion of nutritional status are frequent presentation hallmarks in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Decline in muscle mass is a major component in weight loss and may have both a prognostic and predictive value for survival and treatment-related toxicities. Recent findings suggest that weight and skeletal muscle mass gain during treatment may represent surrogate markers for outcome in advanced NSCLC patients. Herein we present an in-depth view of the impact of nutritional status derangements on NSCLC patients' outcome, focusing on lean body mass variations during disease course. We explored the impact of malnutrition with a major attention on novel treatment options. We reviewed molecular, metabolic and immunological mechanisms underlying muscle-wasting condition, which may exhibit a meaningful targeting potential. Incorporating a specialized and accurate body composition assessment into a comprehensive, patient-centered and tailored intervention will facilitate the achievement of nutritional goals and optimal care for lung cancer patients.