Journal
CANCER RESEARCH
Volume 79, Issue 18, Pages 4567-4576Publisher
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-1147
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Funding
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) at the NIH [CA216248, CA100324]
- Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center and its Integrated Imaging Program at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine
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Chemotherapy offers long-term clinical benefits to many patients with advanced cancer. However, recent evidence has linked the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy with the de novo elicitation of a prometastatic tumor microenvironment. This modified tumor microenvironment is triggered by a chemotherapy-driven cytokine storm or through direct effects of certain chemotherapeutics on stromal and/or immune cells, the most critical being tumor-associated macrophages. These chemotherapy-educated cells act as facilitators in tumor-host cell interactions promoting the establishment of distant metastasis. Certain clinical studies now offer substantial evidence that prometastatic changes are indeed identified in the tumor microenvironment of certain patient subpopulations, especially those that do not present with any pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Deciphering the exact contextual prerequisites for chemotherapy-driven metastasis will be paramount for designing novel mechanism-based treatments for circumventing chemotherapy-induced metastasis.
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