Journal
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 36, Issue 6, Pages 1174-+Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.115.306983
Keywords
aging; atherosclerosis; B-lymphocytes; germinal center; inflammation
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Funding
- German Research Council [HA 1083/15-4, YI 133/2-1, MO 3054/1-1]
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research [MHA VD1.2, SFB 1123/A1, Z3]
- European Research Council [AdG 249929]
- British Heart Foundation [PG/12/81/29897, RE/13/5/30177]
- European Commission [661369]
- British Heart Foundation [PG/12/81/29897] Funding Source: researchfish
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Objective-Explore aorta B-cell immunity in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice. Approach and Results-Transcript maps, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, immunofluorescence analyses, cell transfers, and Ig-ELISPOT (enzyme-linked immunospot) assays showed multilayered atherosclerosis B-cell responses in artery tertiary lymphoid organs (ATLOs). Aging-associated aorta B-cell-related transcriptomes were identified, and transcript atlases revealed highly territorialized B-cell responses in ATLOs versus atherosclerotic lesions: ATLOs showed upregulation of bona fide B-cell genes, including Cd19, Ms4a1 (Cd20), Cd79a/b, and Ighm although intima plaques preferentially expressed molecules involved in non-B effector responses toward B-cell-derived mediators, that is, Fcgr3 (Cd16), Fcer1g (Cd23), and the C1q family. ATLOs promoted B-cell recruitment. ATLO B-2 B cells included naive, transitional, follicular, germinal center, switched IgG1(+), IgA(+), and IgE(+) memory cells, plasmablasts, and long-lived plasma cells. ATLOs recruited large numbers of B-1 cells whose subtypes were skewed toward interleukin-10(+) B-1b cells versus interleukin-10-B-1a cells. ATLO B-1 cells and plasma cells constitutively produced IgM and IgG and a fraction of plasma cells expressed interleukin-10. Moreover, ApoE(-/-) mice showed increased germinal center B cells in renal lymph nodes, IgM-producing plasma cells in the bone marrow, and higher IgM and anti-MDA-LDL (malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein) IgG serum titers. Conclusions-ATLOs orchestrate dichotomic, territorialized, and multilayered B-cell responses in the diseased aorta; germinal center reactions indicate generation of autoimmune B cells within the diseased arterial wall during aging.
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