Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 13, Issue 10, Pages 10887-10917Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04954
Keywords
gas releasing system; gas nanogenerators; theranostic; cancer imaging; cancer therapy; gas therapy; synergetic therapy; controlled release; endogenous/exogenous stimulation
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Funding
- Scientific Research Funds of Huaqiao University [605-50Y18030]
- Quanzhou City Science and Technology Program of China [2018C080R]
- National Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province [2019J01079]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21874024]
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Gas-involving cancer theranostics have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their high therapeutic efficacy and biosafety. We have reviewed the recent significant advances in the development of stimuli-responsive gas releasing molecules (GRMs) and gas nanogenerators for cancer bioimaging, targeted and controlled gas therapy, and gas-sensitized synergistic therapy. We have focused on gases with known anticancer effects, such as oxygen (O-2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen (H-2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and heavy gases that act via the gas-generating process. The GRMs and gas nanogenerators for each gas have been described in terms of the stimulation method, followed by their applications in ultrasound and multimodal imaging, and finally their primary and synergistic actions with other cancer therapeutic modalities. The current challenges and future possibilities of gas therapy and imaging vis-a-vis clinical translation have also been discussed.
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