Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 11, Issue 38, Pages 34939-34947Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10534
Keywords
garnet; Li metal anode; high rate; stannous fluoride; solid-state batteries
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51572149, 51788104]
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Garnet-type solid electrolytes are suitable for solid-state batteries with a lithium metal anode, but it is challenging to fabricate garnet-based lithium metal batteries with a long cycle life at high rates. This study demonstrates that a mosaic Li7Sn3/LiF interface layer formed in situ on the surface of garnet-type Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 (LLZT) through the reaction between a SnF2 coating layer and a lithium metal enables stable, high-rate cycling for LLZT-based batteries. The interface layer possesses a nanomosaic structure of Li7Sn3 nanoparticles and surrounding LiF, enabling fast lithium-ion conduction. Meanwhile, ion insulating Li2CO3 on the surface of LLZT pellets is completely removed by SnF, during the formation of the interface layer, which reduces the ion diffusion barrier from LLZT to the lithium anode. Benefiting from the advantageous interface layer, LiFePO4 parallel to SnF2-LLZT parallel to Li cells show superior cycle performance over 200 cycles at 1 C (272 mu A cm(-2)) with a capacity of 140.6 mAh g(-1)(94.6% retention) at 30 degrees C. Even at 2 C, a capacity of 102.9 mAh g(-1) remains after 200 cycles. This work provides an optimal interfacial structure to enhance lithium-ion migration between garnet electrolytes and a lithium metal and paves the way for developing high-performance solid-state batteries.
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