Journal
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PSIB-0029-2019
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Funding
- European Union [643381 TBVAC2020]
- Agence National de Recherche [ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID, ANR-16-CE15-0003, ANR-16-CE35-0009]
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale [DEQ20130326471]
- Institut Pasteur
- Campus France [936638E]
- Pasteur International Network Programme
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-16-CE15-0003, ANR-16-CE35-0009] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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The causative agent of human tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has a complex lipid-rich diderm envelope, which acts as a major barrier protecting the bacterium against the hostile environment inside the host cells. For the transfer of diverse molecules across this complex cell envelope, M. tuberculosis has a series of general and specialized protein secretion systems, characterized by the SecA general secretion pathway, the twin-arginine translocation pathway, and five specific ESX type VII secretion systems. In this review, we focus on the latter systems, known as ESX-1 to ESX-5, which were first discovered almost 20 years ago during the in silico analysis of the genome sequence of M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Since then, these systems have been the subject of highly dynamic research due to their involvement in several key biological processes and host-pathogen interactions of the tubercle bacilli.
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