Journal
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000560
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Funding
- NHGRI
- NINDS
- NIAID
- NIH Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD [Z1D-HG200352]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [ZIAAI000647, ZIAAI000646] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [ZIAAI001242] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Objective To highlight a novel, treatable syndrome, we report 4 patients with CNS-isolated inflammation associated with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) gene mutations (CNS-FHL). Methods Retrospective chart review. Results Patients with CNS-FHL are characterized by chronic inflammation restricted to the CNS that is not attributable to any previously described neuroinflammatory etiology and have germline mutations in known FHL-associated genes with no signs of systemic inflammation. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) can be well tolerated and effective in achieving or maintaining disease remission in patients with CNS-FHL. Conclusions Early and accurate diagnosis followed by treatment with HCT can reduce morbidity and mortality in CNS-FHL, a novel, treatable syndrome. Classification of evidence This study provides Class IV evidence that HCT is well tolerated and effective in treating CNS-FHL.
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