Inclusion complex of clove oil with chitosan/β-cyclodextrin citrate/oxidized nanocellulose biocomposite for active food packaging

Nowadays, there is a global increasing interest in developing food packaging material based on eco-friendly biopolymers instead of synthetic polymers. Accordingly, in the present investigation, we have prepared an active packaging from ternary biocomposite of chitosan (CS), beta-cyclodextrin citrate (beta-CDcit) and oxidized nanocellulose (ONC) biopolymers. FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer and environmental scanning electron microscopy analysis have been used to gain insight into the mechanism of interaction between CS, beta-CDcit and ONC. Clove essential oil (CEO), with a considerable antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, is incorporated into biocomposite films to enhance their activity. The influence of 25%, 50%, and 75% beta-CDcit concentrations on the physico-mechanical and CEO cumulative release properties of CS films have been explored. The results give an indication of the possible impacts on the strength, transparency, and water vapor permeation occurring after loading different concentrations of ONC into the ternary biocomposite films.