Journal
NATURE ENERGY
Volume 4, Issue 8, Pages 683-689Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41560-019-0428-9
Keywords
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Funding
- Tesla Canada
- NSERC
- Nova Scotia Graduate Scholarship programme
- Walter C. Sumner Memorial fellowship
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Cells with lithium-metal anodes are viewed as the most viable future technology, with higher energy density than existing lithium-ion batteries. Many researchers believe that for lithium-metal cells, the typical liquid electrolyte used in lithium-ion batteries must be replaced with a solid-state electrolyte to maintain the flat, dendrite-free lithium morphologies necessary for long-term stable cycling. Here, we show that anode-free lithium-metal pouch cells with a dual-salt LiDFOB/LiBF4 liquid electrolyte have 80% capacity remaining after 90 charge-discharge cycles, which is the longest life demonstrated to date for cells with zero excess lithium. The liquid electrolyte enables smooth dendrite-free lithium morphology comprised of densely packed columns even after 50 charge-discharge cycles. NMR measurements reveal that the electrolyte salts responsible for the excellent lithium morphology are slowly consumed during cycling.
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