Journal
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
Volume 91, Issue 8, Pages 2909-2919Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1917-2
Keywords
6: 2 FTCA; 6: 2 FTSA; Comparative hepatotoxicity; PFAAs alternatives
Categories
Funding
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB14040202]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31320103915, 21377128, 21421002]
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Due to their structural similarities, 6: 2 fluoro-telomer sulfonic acid (6: 2 FTSA) and 6: 2 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid (6: 2 FTCA) are often used as alternatives to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), respectively. With limited health risk data and 6: 2 FTSA detection in water and sludge, the toxicity of these chemicals is of growing concern. Here, adult male mice were exposed with 5 mg/kg/day of 6: 2 FTCA or 6: 2 FTSA for 28 days to investigate their hepatotoxicological effects. In contrast to 6: 2 FTCA, 6: 2 FTSA was detected at high and very high levels in serum and liver, respectively, demonstrating bioaccumulation potential and slow elimination. Furthermore, 6: 2 FTSA induced liver weight increase, inflammation, and necrosis, whereas 6: 2 FTCA caused no obvious liver injury, with fewer significantly altered genes detected compared with that of 6: 2 FTSA (39 vs. 412). Although PFOA and PFOS commonly activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha), 6: 2 FTSA induced an increase in PPAR gamma and related proteins, but not in lipid metabolism-related genes such as PPAR alpha. Our results showed that 6: 2 FTCA and 6: 2 FTSA exhibited weak and moderate hepatotoxicity, respectively, compared with that reported for legacies PFOA and PFOS.
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