Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF VIROLOGY, VOL 6, 2019
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages 141-160Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-092818-015819
Keywords
portal fold; DNA packaging; bacteriophage assembly; virus assembly
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Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM100888, R01 GM076661] Funding Source: Medline
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Tailed, double-stranded DNA bacteriophages provide a well-characterized model system for the study of viral assembly, especially for herpesviruses and adenoviruses. A wealth of genetic, structural, and biochemical work has allowed for the development of assembly models and an understanding of the DNA packaging process. The portal complex is an essential player in all aspects of bacteriophage and herpesvirus assembly. Despite having low sequence similarity, portal structures across bacteriophages share the portal fold and maintain a conserved function. Due to their dynamic role, portal proteins are surprisingly plastic, and their conformations change for each stage of assembly. Because the maturation process is dependent on the portal protein, researchers have been working to validate this protein as a potential antiviral drug target. Here we review recent work on the role of portal complexes in capsid assembly, including DNA packaging, as well as portal ring assembly and incorporation and analysis of portal structures.
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