Journal
SUSTAINABILITY
Volume 11, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/su11133727
Keywords
business model innovation; circular economy; product-service system (PSS); configuration; action research
Funding
- NordForsk
- Nordic Energy Research
- Nordic Innovation under the Nordic Green Growth Research and Innovation Programme [83144]
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Product-service systems (PSSs) are often outlined as potential enablers of new business models for circular economy. However, not all business models based on product-service systems have superior circularity potential. This research demonstrates how the application of a previously developed business model configurator for circular economy can support the design and assessment of customer value, economic and resource decoupling potential for product-service system business models in practice. By applying action research in two Nordic manufacturing companies from the furniture sector, different business model concepts based on product-service systems were proposed and assessed. Results indicate positive uptake by companies regarding the usefulness of the obtained outcomes. This research identified two key findings about product-service system business models for circular economy': (i) their configuration should fulfil certain simultaneous conditions-i.e. superior customer value, economic growth, and resource decoupling potential-to contribute to circular economy; and (ii) they are often niche solutions', fulfilling specific needs and customer segments, and more likely to flourish with certain types/characteristic of products, segments or geographical locations. Lastly, a framework outlining the conditions and trade-offs for assessing the circularity potential of business models based on product-service systems is introduced as one of the key contributions.
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