Urban Unsustainability Engineering in Metropolises of Iran

This paper addresses the ecological changes and urban unsustainability in metropolises of Iran based on three important indicators: administrative-political centralization, worn-out tissues and urban security. Urban unsustainability engineering is a process in urban planning and urbanization that has not been administrated and managed based on Iranian regional architecture and urban planning. The research data were gathered from a statistical analysis of documents and techniques in a systematic review (1956-2016). The results of the study demonstrated that metropolises of Iran had undergone an unsustainable growth trend. The government seeks to improve indicators of urban sustainable engineering and centralization of the metropolis. Over the past 60 years, cities have been facing rapid growth and development in Iran so that development-oriented governments can play a significant role in tackling growth and urban problems. These problems are especially evident in the socioeconomic and unsustainability of urban ecology. The rapid growth of urbanism and urbanization (74% in 2016) has culminated in the emergence of metropolitan areas in an unstable process. Also in metropolitan areas of Iran, environmental and ecological threats, rural-urban migration and marginalization have posed a serious national-regional challenge. The structural-functional reforms in Iran have been accompanied with skeletal-spatial and socioeconomic changes in cities, giving rise to a new social class called the low-income characterized with non-formal businesses and informal settlements in the outskirts of metropolitan areas.