Journal
TOXINS
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/toxins11060321
Keywords
Staphylococcus aureus; enterotoxins; atopic dermatitis; innate immunity; adaptive immunity; microbiome
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Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2016/24161-1, 2018/23211-0]
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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and inflammatory skin disease with intense pruritus and xerosis. AD pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving genetic, environmental, and immunological factors, including the participation of Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium colonizes up to 30-100% of AD skin and its virulence factors are responsible for its pathogenicity and antimicrobial survival. This is a concise review of S. aureus superantigen-activated signaling pathways, highlighting their involvement in AD pathogenesis, with an emphasis on skin barrier disruption, innate and adaptive immunity dysfunction, and microbiome alterations. A better understanding of the combined mechanisms of AD pathogenesis may enhance the development of future targeted therapies for this complex disease.
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