Journal
NPG ASIA MATERIALS
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41427-019-0124-z
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Funding
- Program for Additive Manufacturing (MOST) [106-3114-E-002-019]
- Ministry of Science and Technology
- National Health Research Institutes [CS-107-PP-15]
- National Taiwan University, Taiwan, R.O.C. [NTU-CC-107L891101]
- Taiwan Zebrafish Core Facility at National Taiwan University [NTU-ERP-104R8600]
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Biodegradable self-healing hydrogels are attractive materials for tissue repair; however, the impact of the self-healing abilities of hydrogels on tissue repair is not clear. In this study, we prepared novel chitosan-cellulose nanofiber (CS-CNF) composite self-healing hydrogels with the same modulus (approximately 2 kPa) but tunable self-healing properties. By adding a low amount of CNFs (0.06-0.15 wt%) in the pristine chitosan (CS) self-healing hydrogel, the reversible dynamic Schiff bonding, strain sensitivity, and self-healing of the hydrogel are obviously affected. Neural stem cells embedded in the CS-CNF hydrogel with better self-healing properties reveal significantly enhanced oxygen metabolism as well as neural differentiation. The differentiation of neural stem cells is highly correlated with their metabolic change in the self-healing hydrogel. Moreover, the neural regeneration effect of the optimized CS-CNF hydrogel with 0.09 wt% CNFs and the best self-healing properties show a 50% improvement over the pristine CS hydrogel in the zebrafish brain injury model. A mechanism is proposed to interpret the tunable self-healing properties of CS-CNF hydrogels with stiffness maintained in a similar range. The new self-healing hydrogels help to clarify the role of self-healing in the biological performance of hydrogels as well as provide design rationale for hydrogels with better injectability and tissue regeneration potential.
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