4.6 Article

Design of Low RCS Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna Array Using Metasurface for CNSS Adaptive Antenna Applications

Journal

MATERIALS
Volume 12, Issue 12, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma12121898

Keywords

metamaterial; metasurface; circular polarization; patch antenna array

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [61801369]
  2. Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2018JQ6081]
  3. China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M631161]
  4. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [XJTU1191329860]

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A low radar cross section (RCS) circularly polarized patch antenna array operating at the downlink S-band (2492 +/- 5 MHz) of the Chinese Compass Navigation Satellite System (CNSS) is proposed. The low RCS is achieved by replacing the conventional metallic ground with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC)-based metasurface. Two different AMC unit cells are designed having a phase difference within 180 +/- 37 degrees and combined in a chessboard-like configuration to realize the AMC-based metasurface. Furthermore, the AMC-based metasurface is utilized as the ground of the CNSS array for wideband RCS reduction. A wideband RCS reduction from 6 GHz to 17 GHz is achieved due to the wideband diffusion property of the AMC unit cells. The maximum RCS reduction is more than 14 dB at 13.3 GHz irrespective of the polarization direction of the incident waves. Moreover, the circular polarization (CP) performance is realized by embedding a circular slot on the patch radiator of the antenna element. The radiation characteristics of the CNSS array are hardly impacted by the inclusion of the metasurface-based ground. The proposed CNSS array has been fabricated and measured. The measurement results are in reasonable agreement with the simulations. The proposed CNSS array can be a good candidate for CNSS adaptive antenna applications where low RCS is simultaneously demanded.

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