Journal
CELLULAR ONCOLOGY
Volume 42, Issue 5, Pages 609-626Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00456-w
Keywords
Checkpoint inhibitors; Cancer immunotherapy; PD-1; PDL-1 mechanism; Immune checkpoint blockade antibodies; Immune resistance; Combination immune therapy
Categories
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Background The discovery of immune checkpoint proteins and the mechanisms by which cancer cells utilize them to evade the immune system has transformed our approach to cancer immunotherapy. Checkpoint blockade antibodies targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands such as programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have already revolutionized the treatment of multiple types of cancer and have significantly improved treatment and survival outcomes of patients affected by these malignancies. Conclusions Herein, we summarize current knowledge about the role of, and the mechanisms underlying PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathways in antitumor immune responses, with particular emphasis on clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in various tumor types. Preliminary clinical investigations with immune-checkpoint blockers highlight broad opportunities with a high potential to enhance antitumor immunity and, as such, to generate significant clinical responses. These preliminary successes open up new avenues towards efficient therapeutics offered to patients.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available