Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09691-z
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Funding
- Huaiyin Normal University
- Australian Research Council [DP120100900]
- Australian Synchrotron
- Advanced Photon Source
- Photon Factory
- Suranaree University of Technology
- Thailand Research Fund [BRG5980015]
- Generalitat de Catalunya (Department of Innovation, Universities and Enterprise)
- European Union
- Generalitat de Catalunya [SGR2017-1189, SGR2017-13234]
- MICINAdvanced Photon Source [CTQ2017-85496-P]
- Spanish Structures of Excellence Maria de Maeztu [MDM-2017-0767]
- Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [CTQ2017-83745-P, CTQ2017-87889-P]
- CONICYT (PFCHA/Doctorado Becas CHILE/2012) [72130118]
- European Social Fund [2017FI_B2_00168]
- Glyco@ Alps [ANR-15-IDEX-02]
- Carnot Institut PolyNat
- Labex ARCANE
- CBH-EUR-GS [ANR-17-EURE-0003]
- BSC-CNS [RES-QCM-2017-2-001]
- Australian Synchrotron Research Program - Commonwealth of Australia under the Major National Research Facilities Program
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Substrates associate and products dissociate from enzyme catalytic sites rapidly, which hampers investigations of their trajectories. The high-resolution structure of the native Hordeum exo-hydrolase HvExol isolated from seedlings reveals that non-covalently trapped glucose forms a stable enzyme-product complex. Here, we report that the alkyl beta-D-glucoside and methyl 6-thio-beta-gentiobioside substrate analogues perfused in crystalline HvExol bind across the catalytic site after they displace glucose, while methyl 2-thio-beta-sophoroside attaches nearby. Structural analyses and multi-scale molecular modelling of nanoscale reactant movements in HvExol reveal that upon productive binding of incoming substrates, the glucose product modifies its binding patterns and evokes the formation of a transient lateral cavity, which serves as a conduit for glucose departure to allow for the next catalytic round. This path enables substrate-product assisted processive catalysis through multiple hydrolytic events without HvExol losing contact with oligo- or polymeric substrates. We anticipate that such enzyme plasticity could be prevalent among exo-hydrolases.
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