Metabolic profiling and investigations on crude extract of Olea europaea L. leaves as a potential therapeutic agent against skin cancer

Olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf extract (OLE) have shown therapeutic activity against different types of cancer. However, it is less known that olive leaf extract has anti myeloma activity. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of OLE was evaluated against mouse metastatic melanoma B16F10 cell lines. The extracts were analyzed for their antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging activity and the presence of bioactive compounds by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry respectively. The aqueous OLE induced apoptosis of B16F10 cells through ERK 1/2 and p53 mediated pathway. The metabolic profiling of OLE showed 23 metabolites notably oleuropein aglycone, apigenin, luteolin, tyrosol, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. Oleuropein present in OLE may be responsible for disrupting the activation of ERK1/2 receptor in melanoma B16F10 cell lines. These findings pave path for further investigations of the structure and function at the molecular level to establish the anticancer activity of oleuropein in melanoma skin cancer.