Journal
VIRUS RESEARCH
Volume 268, Issue -, Pages 18-26Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.05.011
Keywords
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV); Nonstructural Protein 9 (Nsp9); Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor X1 (NLRX1); PRRSV-host interactions; Replication
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Funding
- Key Scientific Research Project of University in Henan Province [19A230003]
- Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Henan Province [192102110176]
- Doctoral Science Foundation of Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy [53000176]
- Research Innovation Team of Veterinary Bio-technology [2018KYTD16]
- Key Discipline of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy [MXK2016102]
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes one of the most economically important diseases of swine worldwide. Current antiviral strategies provide only limited protection. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) X1 is unique among NLR proteins in its functions as a pro-viral or antiviral factor to different viral infections. To date, the impact of NLRX1 on PRRSV infection remains unclear. In this study, we found that PRRSV infection promoted the expression of NLRX1 gene. In turn, ectopic expression of NLRX1 inhibited PRRSV replication in Marc-145 cells, whereas knockdown of NLRX1 enhanced PRRSV propagation in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Mechanistically, NLRX1 was revealed to impair intracellular viral subgenomic RNAs accumulation. Finally, Mutagenic analyses indicated that the LRR (leucine-rich repeats) domain of NLRX1 interacted with PRRSV Nonstructural Protein 9 (Nsp9) RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase) domain and was necessary for antiviral activity. Thus, our study establishes the role of NLRX1 as a new host restriction factor in PRRSV infection.
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