Journal
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
Volume 42, Issue 7, Pages 458-470Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.04.003
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Funding
- Canada First Research Excellent Fund BrainsCAN Fellowship
- Australian Research Council [DP180101974]
- National Health and Medical Research Council Career Development (Industry) Fellowship [1122981]
- Agilent Technologies
- Western Research Chair in Cognitive Science
- Tier 1 Canada Research Chair
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1122981] Funding Source: NHMRC
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The relationship between neurons and perineuronal nets (PNNs) is attracting attention as a central mechanism controlling brain plasticity. In the cortex, PNNs primarily surround inhibitory parvalbumin interneurons, playing roles as both a regulator of synaptic plasticity and a protective barrier. PNNs have a delayed developmental trajectory and are key components in the closure of critical periods of heightened neuroplasticity. In animal models, manipulating PNNs outside this critical window can enhance cognition, suggesting a potentially therapeutic approach for attenuating cognitive decline. However, the crucial role of PNNs in plasticity and protection means that such therapeutic modulation must strike a careful balance: manipulation of PNNs to promote plasticity may have unintended negative consequences resulting from excessive plasticity or from exposure of neurons to neurotoxins.
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