Study on a Class of Cationic Gemini Surfactants

Four cationic Gemini surfactants with different length of the hydrophobic chain (abbreviated as C-12-CGB, C-14-CGB, C-16-CGB and C-18-CGB) have been synthesized. The structures were confirmed by MS and H-1 NMR. Their basic surface chemical properties and antistatic properties were investigated. The result indicated that upon increasing the number of carbon, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the equilibrium surface tension (gamma(CMC)) decreased initially and then increased. The products' Krafft points were all below 0 degrees C except that of C-18-CGB, it was 16.5 degrees C. Emulsifying properties were determined by the water separation time method. The data show that the emulsifying capability increased gradually with the increase of concentration and then stabilized. In addition, the static voltage and static half period values of the calicoes treated with the four products were measured. These products exhibited excellent antistatic properties.