Journal
SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY
Volume 62, Issue 8, Pages 933-967Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9492-4
Keywords
nanomaterials; radionuclides; removal; preconcentration; interaction mechanism
Categories
Funding
- Science Challenge Project [TZ2016004]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21836001, 21876048]
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With the development of nuclear energy, large amounts of radionuclides are inevitably released into the natural environment. It is necessary to eliminate radionuclides from wastewater for the protection of environment. Nanomaterials have been considered as the potential candidates for the effective and selective removal of radionuclides from aqueous solutions under complicated conditions because of their high specific surface area, large amounts of binding sites, abundant functional groups, pore-size controllable and easily surface modification. This review mainly summarized the recent studies for the synthesis, fabrication and surface modification of novel nanomaterials and their applications in the efficient elimination and solidification of radionuclides, and discussed the interaction mechanisms from batch experiments, spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations. The sorption capacities with other materials, advantages and disadvantages of different nanomaterials are compared, and at last the perspective of the novel nanomaterials is summarized.
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