Gender differences in utilization of coronary angiography and angiographic findings after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A registry study

Introduction: We investigated the impact of gender in performance and findings of early coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), comorbidity and outcome in a large population of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients with an initially shockable rhythm. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Data retrieved 2008-2013 from the Swedish Register for Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation, Swedeheart Registry and National Patient Register. Results: We identified 1498 patients of whom 78% were men. Men and women had the same pathology on the first registered electrocardiogram (ECG): 30% vs. 29% had ST-elevation and 10% vs. 9% had left bundle branch block (LBBB) (P=0.97). Proportions of performed CAG did not differ between genders. Among patients without ST-elevation/LBBB men more often had at least one significant stenosis, 78% vs. 54% (P= 0.001), more multi-vessel disease (P= 0.01), had normal coronary angiography less often, 22% vs. 46% and PCI more often, 59% vs. 42% (P= 0.03). Among patients without STelevation/LBBB on the initial ECG, more men had previously known ischaemic heart disease, 27% vs. 19% (P=0.02) and a presumed cardiac origin of the cardiac arrest, 86% vs. 72% (P< 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed no association between gender and evaluation by early CAG. In men and women, 1-year survival was 56% vs. 50% (P= 0.22) in patients with ST-elevation/LBBB and 48% vs. 51% (P= 0.50) in patients without. Conclusion: Despite no gender differences in ECG findings indicating an early CAG, men had more severe coronary artery disease while women more frequently had normal coronary angiography. However, this did not influence 1-year survival.