Journal
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
Volume 103, Issue -, Pages 180-234Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2019.01.005
Keywords
Uranium; Adsorption; Adsorbents; Environmental remediation
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21836001, 21477133]
- Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation [1608085QB44]
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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The rapid growth in nuclear industries such as uranium ores mining, nuclear energy generation, spent-fuel treatment and nuclear weapon manufacture has caused a legacy of uranium contamination in the aquatic environment, which poses a potential threat to the ecological environment and human health. The safe and effective disposal of uranium-contaminated water has thus been an urgent requirement. For decades, various materials have been shown to be capable for removing uranium from aqueous solution by adsorption technique, namely inorganic materials (e.g., clay minerals, metal oxides, mesoporous silica), organic polymers (e.g., resins, cellulose, chitosan), carbon family materials (e.g., mesoporous carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxides), and porous framework materials (e.g., covalent organic frameworks, metal-organic frameworks). In this review, we provide a systematic and comprehensive overview of the researches conducted from 2005 to 2018 for uranium removal from aqueous solution by these emerging materials. The different approaches in the determination of the adsorption mechanisms between uranium and adsorbents are also briefly summarized, involving macroscopic experimental approaches, microscopic spectroscopic and computational approaches. Finally, we discuss the current limitations and propose future research perspectives in hopes of inspiring more dramatic advancements in the material and environment remediation fields.
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