Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 116, Issue 32, Pages 16018-16027Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1906237116
Keywords
meiosis; mitosis; separase; securin
Categories
Funding
- LabEx Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS Grant [ANR-10-LABX-0040-SPS]
- European Research Council [ERC 2011 StG 281659]
- Fondation Simone et Cino Del Duca
- CEFIPRA project SMOKY
- French Infrastructure for Integrated Structural Biology Grant [ANR-10-INSB-05-01]
- CHIPSET Grant [ANR-15-CE11-0008-01]
- European Union Marie-Curie COMREC network [FP7 ITN-606956]
- University of Hamburg
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Chromosome distribution at anaphase of mitosis and meiosis is triggered by separase, an evolutionarily conserved protease. Separase must be tightly regulated to prevent the untimely release of chromatid cohesion and disastrous chromosome distribution defects. Securin is the key inhibitor of separase in animals and fungi, but has not been identified in other eukaryotic lineages. Here, we identified PATRONUS1 and PATRONUS2 (PANS1 and PANS2) as the Arabidopsis homologs of securin. Disruption of PANS1 is known to lead to the premature separation of chromosomes at meiosis, and the simultaneous disruption of PANS1 and PANS2 is lethal. Here, we show that PANS1 targeting by the anaphase-promoting complex is required to trigger chromosome separation, mirroring the regulation of securin. We showed that PANS1 acts independently from Shugosins. In a genetic screen for pans1 suppressors, we identified SEPARASE mutants, showing that PANS1 and SEPARASE have antagonistic functions in vivo. Finally, we showed that the PANS1 and PANS2 proteins interact directly with SEPARASE. Altogether, our results show that PANS1 and PANS2 act as a plant securin. Remote sequence similarity was identified between the plant patronus family and animal securins, suggesting that they indeed derive from a common ancestor. Identification of patronus as the elusive plant securin illustrates the extreme sequence divergence of this central regulator of mitosis and meiosis.
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