Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 116, Issue 29, Pages 14645-14650Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903674116
Keywords
emerging disease; invasion biology; disease community
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [DEB-1102493/EF-0723928, DEB-1102493/EF-0723918]
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant) [2013-67015-21291]
- UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the joint US Department of Agriculture-NSF-NIH-BBSRC Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases program [BB/L011085/1]
- NSF [DEB 1620046, 1748945]
- BBSRC [BB/L011085/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1748945] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Novel parasites can have wide-ranging impacts, not only on host populations, but also on the resident parasite community. Historically, impacts of novel parasites have been assessed by examining pairwise interactions between parasite species. However, parasite communities are complex networks of interacting species. Here we used multivariate taxonomic and trait-based approaches to determine how parasite community composition changed when African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) acquired an emerging disease, bovine tuberculosis (BTB). Both taxonomic and functional parasite richness increased significantly in animals that acquired BTB than in those that did not. Thus, the presence of BTB seems to catalyze extraordinary shifts in community composition. There were no differences in overall parasite taxonomic composition between infected and uninfected individuals, however. The trait-based analysis revealed an increase in direct-transmitted, quickly replicating parasites following BTB infection. This study demonstrates that trait-based approaches provide insight into parasite community dynamics in the context of emerging infections.
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